Morphometric analysis of the choroid in pregnant women with gestational diabetes and type 1 diabetes

    Abstract

    Morphometric analysis of the choroid in pregnant women with gestational diabetes and type 1 diabetes

    Pomytkina N.V., Sorokin E.L.

    The Khabarovsk branch of the S.N. Fedorov National Medical Research Center «MNTK «Eye Microsurgery», Khabarovsk
Far Eastern State Medical University, Khabarovsk

    Purpose. Study the choroidal thickness in pregnant women with gestational diabetes (GD) and diabetes mellitus type 1 (DM1).

    Material and methods.188 pregnant women in the third trimester of pregnancy were examined: 24 – with DM1, 124 – with GD, 40 healthy pregnant women who formed the control group. Among patients with GD, three subgroups were identified depending on the time of its development – in the first (80 patients), second (28 patients) or third (16 patients) trimesters. Optical coherent tomography (Optovue RTVue XR Avanti) was carried out with choroidal thickness measurement.

    Results. Over the all patients, a significant but very low inverse correlation was found between the axial lengths (AL) of the eye and the choroidal thickness in the third trimester (-0.241, p=0.002). It was revealed the absence of dependence of the choroidal thickness on the size of the AL. A comparative analysis of the choroidal thickness values in patients with GD and healthy pregnant women showed no statistically significant differences. In pregnant women with DM1 the choroidal thickness was significantly less. In patients with GD there were no significant differences in the mean values of choroidal thickness in subgroups with different time of onset of diabetes. However, in pregnant women with the onset of GD in the first trimester, the lowest valuesof the average choroidal thickness occurred.

    Conclusion. The absence of relationship between the choroidal thickness in pregnant women in the third trimester and the size of the AL was found. The choroidal thickness in patients with GD and healthy pregnant women was not significantly different. In pregnant women with DM1, the choroidal thickness in the third trimester was significantly less than in healthy pregnant women and patients with GD. In pregnant women with the onset of HD in the first trimester, the lowest values of the average choroidal thickness occurred among all patients with GD.

    Key words: choroidal thickness, optical coherence tomography, pregnancy, diabetes mellitus, gestational diabetes.