Features of dynamics of macular pigment state and central in vitreoretinal surgery for diabetic macular edema

    Abstract

    Features of dynamics of macular pigment state and central in vitreoretinal surgery for diabetic macular edema

    R.M. Zainullin, E.M. Garipova

    Ufa Eye Research Institute, Ufa

    Purpose. To study the nature of the effect of vitrectomy with peeling of the epiretinal membrane on the state of the macular pigment and photosensitivity of the central zone of the retina in diabetic macular edema (DME) with traction syndrome.

    Material and methods. Vitreoretinal intervention was performed in 31 patients (31 eyes) with diabetic macular edema in combination with the epiretinal membrane. All patients underwent seamless closed 3-port vitrectomy with peeling of the epiretinal membrane and using systems of 27 G. To analyze the state of the retina, the parameters of the optical density of the macular pigment and the photosensitivity of the retina before and after the surgery were determined.

    Results. In the case of traction syndrome against a background of diabetic macular edema, a sharp decrease in the optical density of the macular pigment was revealed, which is apparently related to screening by the epiretinal membrane. Vitreoretinal intervention led to an increase in visual acuity of 2.09 times, the average value of the optical density of the macular pigment by 50.2%, indicating normalization of the vitreoretinal interface. The correlation analysis between the retinal thickness measurements for optical coherence tomography and the mean value of the optical density revealed the presence of interrelated changes (r=-0.72, p<0.05).

    Сonclusion. Performing vitrectomy with peeling of the epiretinal membrane in patients with traction syndrome against a background of diabetic macular edema leads to an increase in visual acuity and normalization of the macular pigment state, which pathogenetically substantiates the expediency of this method of surgery.

    Key words: vitreomacular traction syndrome, diabetic macular edema, vitrectomy, macular pigments, retinal sensitivity.