The prospects for the diagnosis of optic neuritis in neuromyelitis optica

    Abstract

    Review

    The prospects for the diagnosis of optic neuritis in neuromyelitis optica

    E.E. Ioyleva, A.Yu. Safonenko, O.V. Golubeva, I.V. Potykun, A.M. Mitrofanov

    S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Moscow, Russian Federation

    The review presents data on the prospects for the diagnosis of optic neuritis in neuromyelitis optica (NMO). The differential diagnosis of NMO with multiple sclerosis and other autoimmune diseases is complicated by the similarity of the clinical manifestations of optic neuritis. The diagnostic approach, tactics of using and interpreting the results of modern laboratory, instrumental and hardware research methods are described.

    Additional diagnostic criteria are described for AQPR4-IgGseronegative patients with clinical symptoms of acute urinary tract infections. NMO is characterized by severe unilateral damage to the optic nerve with poor recovery of visual functions after conservative therapy, frequent recurrences of optic neuritis in one or both eyes, bilateral simultaneous damage to the optic nerves or chiasm. Timely diagnosis makes it possible to prescribe pathogenetic therapy for NMO and reduce the number of relapses of optic neuritis and prevent patients’ blindness.

    Key words: neuromyelitis optica, optic neuritis, OCT, multiple sclerosis, neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders, AQPR4

    For quoting: Ioyleva E.E., Safonenko A.Yu., Golubeva O.V., Potykun I.V., Mitrofanov A.M. The prospects for the diagnosis of optic neuritis in neuromyelitis optica. Rossiyskaya detskaya oftalmologiya. 2023;1: 45–50. DOI: https://doi.org/10.25276/2307-6658-2023-1-45-50

    Corresponding author: Ilya V. Potykun, ferlj120598@yandex.ru