The role of postnatal problems in the development of retinopathy of prematurity. Part 1

    Abstract

    Original article

    The role of postnatal problems in the development of retinopathy of prematurity. Part 1

    K.Sh. Wijayapala

    N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation

    Purpose. Postnatal risk factors identification for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).

    Material and methods. A retrospective analysis of 90 case histories of premature patients was carried out. There were 3 groups of clinical trials: children without ROP development (30 children), children with ROP development with severe course of type I, requiring surgical treatment (30 children) and children with type II ROP that ended in spontaneous regression (30 children).

    Results. Gestational age and birth weight are not only risk factors for the development of ROP, but also the severity of the disease if it develops. The severity of respiratory failure correlates with both the increase in the incidence of ROP and its severity. It is possible to use the severity of respiratory failure and the presence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia, pneumonia, and the occurrence of severe respiratory failure in children who did not receive surfactant in the postnatal period as a risk factor or criterion for screening for severe ROP. The incidence of type I ROP correlates with the incidence of sepsis and candidiasis. It is possible to use sepsis and candidiasis as potential screening criteria and risk factors for ROP. The frequency of prematurity anemia detection is significantly higher in children with ROP. With an increase in the number of blood transfusions, as a treatment for anemia, the risk of ROP increases, but the treatment of anemia with erythropoietin does not affect the development of ROP.

    Key words: premature babies, postnatal period, retinopathy of prematurity, ROP, anemia of prematurity, respiratory failure, sepsis, candidiasis, blood transfusions, erythropoietin, bronchopulmonary dysplasia

    For quoting: Wijayapala K.Sh. The role of postnatal problems in the development of retinopathy of prematurity. Part 1. Rossiyskaya detskaya oftalmologiya. 2023;1: 13–19. DOI: https://doi.org/10.25276/2307-6658-2023-1-13-19

    Corresponding author: Kalugalage Sh. Wijayapala, shehari@mail.ru